Diabetes Mellitus Questions and Answers
A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client’s diabetes previously had been well controlled with glyburide (Diabeta), 5 mg PO daily, but recently the fasting blood glucose has been running 180-200mg/dl. Which medication, if added to the clients regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?
Rotating injection sites when administering insulin prevents which of the following complications?
Insulin forces which of the following electrolytes out of the plasma and into the cells?
An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with DM. The client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump:
A client with type 1 DM has a fingerstick glucose level of 258mg/dl at bedtime. An order for sliding scale insulin exists. The nurse should:
When a client is first admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), the nurse’s priority is to provide:
When a client is in diabetic ketoacidosis, the insulin that would be administered is:
The nurse expects that a type 1 diabetic may receive ____ of his or her morning dose of insulin preoperatively:
A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the ER. Which finding would a nurse expect to note as confirming this diagnosis?
The lowest fasting plasma glucose level suggestive of a diagnosis of DM is:
A nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 DM. Findings include a fasting blood glucose of 120mg/dl, temperature of 101, pulse of 88, respirations of 22, and a bp of 140/84. Which finding would be of most concern of the nurse?
A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with DM who has hyperglycemia. The priority nursing diagnosis would be: 1. High risk for d
Knowing that gluconeogenesis helps to maintain blood levels, a nurse should:
Which of the following chronic complications is associated with diabetes?
A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the ER with DKA. In the acute phase the priority nursing action is to prepare to:
Clients with type 1 diabetes may require which of the following changes to their daily routine during periods of infection?
Clinical manifestations associated with a diagnosis of type 1 DM include all of the following except:
Which of the following methods of insulin administration would be used in the initial treatment of hyperglycemia in a client with diabetic ketoacidosis?
Which of the following nursing interventions should be taken for a client who complains of nausea and vomits one hour after taking his glyburide (DiaBeta)?
Albert refuses his bedtime snack. This should alert the nurse to assess for:
A bedtime snack is provided for Albert. This is based on the knowledge that intermediate-acting insulins are effective for an approximate duration of:
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The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is necessary when the client who is learning alternative site testing (AST) for glucose monitoring says:
A client with DM demonstrates acute anxiety when first admitted for the treatment of hyperglycemia. The most appropriate intervention to decrease the client’s anxiety would be to:
A client is in DKA, secondary to infection. As the condition progresses, which of the following symptoms might the nurse see?
Rotation sites for insulin injection should be separated from one another by 2.5 cm (1 inch) and should be used only every:
A client with DM has an above-knee amputation because of severe peripheral vascular disease, Two days following surgery, when preparing the client for dinner, it is the nurse’s primary responsibility to:
A client with type 1 DM calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia with exercise. Which statement by the client indicated an inadequate understanding of the peak action of NPH insulin and exercise?
Clinical nursing assessment for a patient with microangiopathy who has manifested impaired peripheral arterial circulation includes all of the following except:
Glucose is an important molecule in a cell because this molecule is primarily used for:
A clinical feature that distinguishes a hypoglycemic reaction from a ketoacidosis reaction is:
The insulin that has the most rapid onset of action would be:
The nurse is admitting a client with hypoglycemia. Identify the signs and symptoms the nurse should expect. Select all that apply.
Which adaptations should the nurse caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis expect the client to exhibit? Select all that apply:
A client with DM states, “I cannot eat big meals; I prefer to snack throughout the day.” The nurse should carefully explain that the:
Albert, a 35-year-old insulin dependent diabetic, is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia. He has been febrile since admission. His daily insulin requirement is 24 units of NPH. Every morning Albert is given NPH insulin at 0730. Meals are served at 0830, 1230, and 1830. The nurse expects that the NPH insulin will reach its maximum effect (peak) between the hours of:
A client’s blood gases reflect diabetic acidosis. The nurse should expect:
The physician orders 36 units of NPH and 12 units of regular insulin. The nurse plans to administer these drugs in 1 syringe. Identify the steps in this procedure by listing them in priority order. 1. Inject air equal to NPH dose into NPH vial 2. Invert regular insulin bottle and withdraw regular insulin dose 3. Inject air equal to regular dose into regular dose 4. Invert NPH vial and withdraw NPH dose.
The nurse knows that glucagon may be given in the treatment of hypoglycemia because it:
Which of the following causes of HHNS is most common?
A client is taking NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse instructs the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is:
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